15

16

17

18
19

a)
b)

a)
b)

a)
b)

Use UPGMA to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree using the following distance

matrix.

10000CS465122001

Species

Discuss the principle on which PAM and BLOSUM matrices are created.

Compare Markov Model and Hidden Markov Model.

What is transposition? Explain different classes of transposable elements.

PART 0
Answer any two full questions, each carries 12 marks.

Describe different gene prediction methods.

Illustrate Nussinov Algorithm for RNA structure prediction with an example.

Explain the different stages in Gene expression.

Describe different levels of protein structure.

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