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2 D 53517
What is meant by cold sterilization ?
Alcohols.
What are plasmids ?
Principle of autoclave
The sterilization control used in hot air oven to check its efficiency.

Filtration.
Archae bacteria.
(10 x 2 = 20 marks)
Part C (Short Essay)
Answer any six questions.
5 marks each.
Write on morphology of viruses

Write the contributions of Robert Koch
Explain gram negative cell wall of bacteria
Write on the structure and formation of endospore
Explain differential staining with any two examples
Explain various methods in dry heat sterilization
Explain phenol coefficient testing and its different methods
Explain phase contrast microscope.
(6 x 5 = 30 marks)
Part D (Essay)

Answer any two questions.
12 marks each.

Explain on the history of microbiology and its scopes
Explain electron microscope and its types with the help of a neat labelled diagram
Explain the ultra-structure of bacterial cell.

(2 x 12 = 24 marks)

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