of average power into the fiber. Assume 0.5dB/Km fiber
loss,

0.2 dB splice loss every 2 Km, I dB connector loss at each
end of fiber link, and 100nW receiver sensitivity. Allow
858 system margin.

5. a. Explain the noise generation in EDFAs. 4 b An EDFA produces output power of 27dBm
for an input level of 2dBm at 5 1542nm. Find the amplifier gain and the minimum pump
power required.

6. a. Explain the gain mechanism in a SOA. 4
2
Show that the amplifier output saturation power is Pout,saE —
Goln2 sat 5
Go-2
PART C

7. a. VVhat are solitons? 2

b. Draw and explain the block diagram of soliton communication link. 6

C. What are the design constraints in soliton communication
link? 4 8.൭. Draw the block schematic of a synchronous
heterodyne receiver and explain, 6

b. Derive expression for SNR of heterodyne receiver in shot
noise limit. 6

9. a, Assume that a 32 channel WDM system has a uniform channel
spacing 6 Av = 1006552 and let the wavelength = 1550nm.
Calculate the wavelength spacing between first Ovo
channels and the last two channels (between 31 & 32). From
the result what can be concluded about using an equal
wavelength spacing?

b. Explain with diagrams the method of multiplexing/
demultiplexing 6 wavelengths using arrayed waveguide
grating.