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21) Compare and contrast conventional and nonconventional energy with (5)
reference to sustainability.

6 al) Isthere a best energy source that will have the minimum environmental ം (2)
5 impact? Justify your answer
a2) Categorize the various energy sources in the increasing order of their carbon (3)
footprint.
OR |
01) What is the possibility of using solar energy in a state like Kerala? List out (5)
the various supporting and opposing factors
7 431) 116100 four major challenges faced by cities (2)
a2) What are the causes of rural-urban migration? How it will affect the urban 3)
area?
OR
01) Howcan sustainable urbanization and poverty reduction be related? (5)
8 al) Enumerate the characteristics of slum. (2)
a2) Slum dwellers strive hard for self- sustenance. How? (3)
OR
bl) How urbanisation and agriculture causes water scarcity? (5)
PART B

(Read the Stories/Cases/Data set as the case may be, and answer all questions, each
full question carries 10 marks.)

Stories/Cases/Data set - 1
(Stories/Cases/Data set)
Sustainable farming practices have become widespread to counter the negative impact caused on
the environment and to resource degradation. One such experience is the effort of Babu who has
not used any pesticide on his farm. The one-hectare land held by this farmer is free of any disease
and pests. No insecticide, fungicide, weedicide and nematicide were used on his farm. Also he
observed the emergence of large number of predators and parasites of pathogenic farm
organisms. Babu is thrilled seeing the increasing trend of yield from the farms. The crop failure
in the neighbourhood villages has made him the promoter of sustainable agriculture practice in
the entire region.
Module I
9 8) Bring out how Babu has implemented three basic concepts of sustainability in (3)
his farming practice.
b) Identify a major negative environmental impact that Babu could claim 10 have (3)
arrested through his agricultural practice.
©) | How the experiment of Babu is a better solution for our agricultural sector (4)
rather than improving/: protecting the yield by using chemicals like
Endosulfan in places like Enmakaje Panchayat in Kasaragod.

Stories/Cases/Data set - 2
(Stories/Cases/Data set)

As many nations contemplate whether to ratify the Paris agreement, while global powers appear
reluctant to devise solutions to combat drastic climate change, while countries, governments,

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அ.